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This paper reviews the current status and development trends of functional refractories for continuous casting, including bottom-blown argon vent bricks, sliding nozzles, continuous casting major components, and ZrO₂ nozzles. It concludes that modern continuous casting processes demand increasingly longer service life and higher adaptability from functional refractories, making single-material systems inadequate to meet these requirements. […]

The structure of electric furnace lining The electric furnace consists of a furnace cover (top furnace wall (furnace wall) and a furnace bottom. The outer shell of the furnace body is steel plate. The lining is made of refractory materials and is divided into the furnace bottom, furnace slope, molten pool and furnace wall. One

1.When the ladle is used for the first time: First, conduct a comprehensive inspection of all parts of the ladle, especially the gantry hook, various protective devices, and safety components. If any damage is found, replace them immediately. Before initial use, perform a double load test on the ladle. 2.Repair of ladle lining The material

Magnesia carbon bricks remain the most widely used refractory material in steelmaking today due to their high cost-effectiveness. While they offer significant advantages in corrosion resistance and spalling resistance, they also suffer from poor thermal insulation and the tendency to carburize ultra-low carbon molten steel. With the increasing specialization and segmentation of steel grades, higher

Changes in the refractory market The refractory market is experiencing a new transformation, with high-alumina bricks attracting significant attention. As energy conservation and environmental protection become increasingly popular, refractory product features are constantly being upgraded to meet new market demands. High-alumina bricks, with their exceptional energy-saving properties, are becoming a new favorite in the market.

With the increasing requirements for clean steel in various industries and the development of continuous casting technology, the metallurgical function of the tundish between the ladle and the crystallizer has received more and more attention. Tundish metallurgy can prevent secondary oxidation of molten steel, improve the flow state of molten steel, prevent slag rolling and

Selection of ladle According to the smelting conditions, there are two types of ladle: standard type and short and fat type. 1、Heat transfer calculation Establish the mathematical model of ladle, according to the structural characteristics of the ladle, the heat transfer calculation of the ladle to do the following assumptions. 1) The wall of ladle

Refractory castables, as an indispensable refractory material, have strength characteristics that are directly related to their quality and performance. In many industrial fields, such as metallurgy, cement production, glass manufacturing and chemical industry, castables play a pivotal role. Therefore, the research and development of high-performance castables is particularly important. Aluminum-magnesium castables are particularly worth mentioning,

Requirements for refractory mortar in refractory brick masonry (1) The working conditions of the mud in the joints of refractory masonry bricks are exactly the same as those of refractory bricks. Therefore, the main technical indicators of the two, refractoriness and chemical composition, should also be the same or compatible. (2) The type and brand